The Carlton streetcar reaches the end of the line at High Park. R. Hill caught this 1971 shot of a PCC rounding the loop among autumn foliage. Photo donaged by Rob Hutch.

Text by James Bow.

See Also

• 2017 Diversions
• VIDEO: Transit Route Review - 506 Carlton, by Damian Baranowski.
• VIDEO: 506 Carlton Ride Along, August 2019, by James Bow.
• VIDEO: 506 Carlton Time Lapse, August 2019, by James Bow.

The Route

The Carlton Streetcar is one of the TTC's most well-patroned surface route. And why not? The neighbourhoods it passes through are some of the most transit-friendly in the city, and it passes a host of major trip generators along the way, including Maple Leaf Gardens, the University of Toronto, Kensington Market, Little Italy and Little Portugal, a number of schools, Chinatown East and, the coup-de-grace, High Park.

Starting from an off-street loop at Main Street station on the BLOOR-DANFORTH subway line, out in Toronto's older eastern suburbs, the Carlton Streetcar proceeds south along Main Street, and then turns west along Gerrard. After heading to Coxwell, the streetcar jogs south one block to rejoin Gerrard Street, and then continues to Parliament. Another jog north takes the car to Carlton, which changes into College Street at Yonge. Just past Lansdowne Avenue, the streetcar moves from College Street onto Dundas Street, turns west at Howard Park Avenue, and loops inside High Park.

Cars operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with night cars avoiding Howard Park Avenue and continuing on Dundas Street to Dundas West station.

How Six Routes Became One: Carlton's Early Days

With the University of Toronto as an anchor, growth in what is today Little Italy and Old Cabbagetown brought streetcars to College and Carlton Streets before the end of the 19th century. However, the focus of service was very different than what exists today. With these neighbourhoods essentially the new suburbs of the time, the commuting patterns meant that the streetcars had to head downtown, and so cars along College and Carlton Streets headed for Yonge Street and then made a bee-line south. Examples included SHERBOURNE and WINCHESTER, launched in November 1874, which started deep in the heart of today's Cabbagetown (at Carlton & Parliament and Parliament & Winchester respectively) before heading west on Carlton to Sherbourne and then heading south to Front.

In August 1886, however, service began on a crosstown CARLTON route, operated by horse cars from College and Bathurst via east on College, south on Yonge, east on Carlton, south on Parliament and then east on Gerrard to terminate at Sumach. Other services followed, supplementing the CARLTON car and pushing the tracks further west. DOVERCOURT was established in November 1888, operating north on McCaul to College, then west on College to Dovercourt and north on Dovercourt to Bloor Street. A DUFFERIN horsecar was established in 1889, following much the same route, but continuing west from College and Dovercourt to Dufferin Street, where it ended.

DUFFERIN and DOVERCOURT were discontinued on September 30, 1891 and 1894 respectively (DOVERCOURT would soon return as a route name), but CARLTON was soon joined by COLLEGE, established in November 1893, at about the same time the CARLTON streetcar was electrified. COLLEGE cars started at Front and Church streets, and operated north on Church, west on King, north on Yonge and then west on College to wye at Bathurst Street.

WINCHESTER continued to operate extending east from the Parliament/Winchester intersection to a wye at Sumach. This service continued until 3rd August 1924, at which time PARLIAMENT cars took over along new track to Bloor Street. SHERBOURNE cars vanished on November 16, 1891, replaced by the BELT LINE operating via Sherbourne, King, Spadina and Bloor.

A map of services effective August 28, 1910 shows COLLEGE cars operating from the current High Park Loop, along today's route, as far as Yonge Street, before turning south to loop at Front and Scott. CARLTON cars are shared the street service, operating from a wye Lansdowne and Royce Avenues (today's Dupont Street) via south on Lansdowne, east on College, south on Yonge, east on Carlton, south on Parliament and east on Gerrard to Broadview. There was also influence from PARLIAMENT streetcars, which, in 1910, ran from downtown Toronto via east on Queen, north on Parliament, and then east on Gerrard all the way to Greenwood Avenue.

The Civic Railway Pushes Service Further East

Although PARLIAMENT cars served the neighbourhoods along Gerrard Street to Greenwood Avenue, that wasn't enough for the City of Toronto. Having acquired a lot of new territory after annexing East Toronto, they wanted streetcars to service the newly developing areas between Greenwood Avenue and Main Street. With the Toronto Railway Company nearing the end of its mandate, it refused to extend service and, as has been discussed elsewhere on this web site, Toronto decided to go it alone and build and operate its own streetcar route.

Starting early in 1911, the City of Toronto began laying track, passing through undeveloped countryside, filling in ravines and getting service in operation by December 18, 1912. The route, referred to as 'GERRARD', started where the Toronto Railway Company PARLIAMENT (later, QUEEN) cars turned back, and ran along Gerrard, Coxwell and Gerrard, to a crossover at Main Street in East Toronto. Service operated for 24 hours a day until the Civic Railway's Danforth Streetcar started operating in late 1913.

Why Gerrard's Big Jog?

You may be wondering why Gerrard Street takes such an improbable jog at Coxwell Avenue. Dave Imrie supplies this answer: 'The City of Toronto's boundaries reached Coxwell Avenue by 1883. Gerrard Street itself was already extended east from the downtown area to the city's eastern boundary. Kingston Road already cut northeast from Queen Street, providing the main eastern access route out of the city, a situation that would last until construction of Highway 401. One local developer, whose name is probably commemorated in one of the local streets, saw the area as prime 'suburban' development that would have complimented the resort-like atmosphere that had developed in the nearby Beach District. Gerrard abruptly halted at Coxwell. Although Eastwood Road was later extended eastward from Gerrard's terminus at Coxwell, it was not seen as a major thoroughfare to the emerging eastern area.'

Lower Gerrard's eastern progress as Eastwood Road was complicated by a number of factors, including several ravines cutting back from the old Lake Iroquois shoreline, as well as established development from the villages of 'Little Norway' and 'East Toronto'. The graveyard of Little Norway's St. John's Anglican Church also took up a considerable amount of available land. When the City of Toronto annexed this territory, it saw a need to link the emerging residential area south of the Grand Trunk rail line via a roadway. As Eastwood Road traversed some very uneven topography, and stopped abruptly at Woodbine, the road was seen as unsuitable as a thoroughfare or a streetcar route. So, 'Upper' Gerrard Street was created. The majority of residential development followed once the streetcar was put into place, and after the end of World War I.

Dave Imrie continues: 'The City had also planned to link the two Gerrard as it had done with several of the streets that composed Dundas Street, but the needs of the Depression and residential development stalled that idea... ...there have been some recent plans to modify this area. When the Scarborough Expressway was still in its planning stages in the early 1970s, one of the plans to accomodate a local interchange was to link the two roadways via a new road east of Coxwell Avenue. That plan pre-supposed the end of streetcars in the area. That has not occurred, of course.'

The TTC Takes Over and Realigns

When the TTC took over all streetcar operations in Toronto on September 1921, work began to connect the TRC Gerrard route with the rest of the system. On Saturday, October 1, 1921, the GERRARD route was renamed GERRARD-MAIN, and changed to operate from Coxwell and Queen, along Coxwell and Gerrard to Main Street. The line was extended over the Main Street bridge to Danforth Avenue and east to Luttrell Loop on October 19, 1922. The section between Coxwell and Greenwood was taken up by the QUEEN Route, which wyed at Coxwell and headed west along Gerrard to Parliament. CARLTON Cars continued to operate from Broadview and Gerrard, via Gerrard, Parliament, Carlton, College and Lansdowne to the CPR Tracks near Royce Avenue, and COLLEGE Cars continued their routing, although turning south and heading downtown along Bay Street instead of Yonge.

By July 1, 1923, this changed again. CARLTON cars now operated from High Park Loop via Howard Park, Dundas, Lansdowne and College and Carlton to Gerrard and Sword Street (the line was temporarily cut back from Broadview to facilitate bridge repair), and COLLEGE cars operated from the new Royce Loop, via Lansdowne, College, Bay, Dundas, Broadview and Gerrard, retracing the GERRARD route to Danforth Avenue, wying at Danforth and Main. COLLEGE featured two tripper cars, one which ran from Royce loop and followed the normal route, breaking off at McCaul Street to loop at York and Adelaide. COLLEGE EAST trippers started at Luttrell Loop and followed the eastern half of the route to Dundas and Victoria.

Once the Gerrard Street bridge over the Don River was repaired, CARLTON cars were extended east along the old GERRARD route to Luttrell Loop and College Cars faded in importance. On July 1, 1925, the CARLTON streetcar was operating along most of its present-day route, and COLLEGE Cars disappeared on April 1, 1933. Only a few changes occurred since then: A jog between College and Carlton Streets on Yonge Street was eliminated on June 3, 1931, with Carlton angled northwest to meet College Street head on. On May 9, 1940, College Street was extended one block west of Lansdowne to Dundas Street, eliminating a short jog there. Some CARLTON tripper services survived into the fifties. One ran from Luttrell Loop over the regular route to Lansdowne and then up Lansdowne to Royce Loop while another ran over the regular route to Parliament and Gerrard and then entered the downtown via Parliament and Dundas, looping via Church, Adelaide and Victoria. These trippers did not survive long past the opening of the YONGE SUBWAY

As for the CARLTON base service, a new loop was constructed on Main Street north of Danforth to relieve congestion at Luttrell Loop. This loop opened for business on May 15, 1955. It closed again between April 25, 1966 and June 13 of the same year to allow construction of the Main Station Loop on the Bloor-Danforth east extension. Streetcars were using this loop before the subway station opened. The route has not changed significantly since.

The Future

As one of the best-patroned surface route in the TTC, and one of those routes which has changed the least in the past four decades, one might think that the 506 CARLTON Streetcar is as stable as a rock. That is not quite true. In 1997, a proposal was examined to break this long route into two sections, with the two services overlapping through downtown Toronto. This was ultimately rejected, as the overlap would have wasted streetcars, and the issue of the line's reliability was addressed with the installation of transit-priority signals. The TTC has decided, however, that more passengers would benefit if every second rush-hour streetcar were routed into Dundas West station. This proposal is on hold until such time as Dundas West station is expanded to handle the operation of three streetcar routes.

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506 Carlton Image Archive

	Toronto Railway Company streetcars struggle around each other at the College/Yonge/Carlton intersection in this shot (looking north) taken for the Toronto Archive circa 1916. A CARLTON streetcar can be seen turning from southbound Yonge onto eastbound Carlton.
	Toronto Civic Railway McGuire-Cummings Manufacturing Company-built car #2 prepares to depart from the western end of the GERRARD line, at Greenwood Avenue, on May 7, 1920. Photo courtesy the Toronto Archives.
	TTC ex-TRC streetcar #2106 heads westbound on Dundas Street, crossing Victoria in COLLEGE TRIPPER service on August 16, 1923. This photograph is courtesy the Toronto Archives.
	This Toronto Archive image shows construction of the Gerrard Street "subway" beneath the railway tracks, looking west from Paps Avenue on October 7, 1930.
	An air-electric PCC heads towards Dundas Street in CARLTON service on the new College Street extension west of Lansdowne Avenue. This photo was taken for the Toronto Archives on June 11, 1941.
	TTC air-electric PCC #4278 pulls through newly built Main Street loop in 1955. This loop would be replaced after Main Street station was built in 1967-68. Photo by L. Swanson, courtesy the John Knight collection.
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4344 departs Main Street Loop with a mis-aligned destination sign on on May 1955. L. Swanson took this photograph, which comes courtesy the John Knight collection.
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4398 poses at Main Street Station loop on the last night of CARLTON NIGHT car service to Runnymede Loop. This photograph was taken on May 10, 1968 and is courtesy John F. Bromley's Flickr Stream.
	An ex-Birmingham PCC all-electric car sits westbound on Dundas, waiting for the Carlton car on Howard Park. The camera is facing southeast. Photo by R. Hill; donated by Rob Hutch.
	A westbound Carlton car reaches the intersection of Howard Park and Roncesvalles, and faces a work vehicle helping with track reconstruction. Photo by R. Hill; donated by Rob Hutch.
	TTC A12-class ex-Cleveland all-electric PCC #4667 prepares to turn into Main Street Station at the eastern end of the CARLTON streetcar. This shot was taken by Richard Glaze circa August 1969.
	A southbound Carlton car trundles over the Main Street bridge over the Kingston Sub in this 1971 scene. Photo by R. Hill, donated by Rob Hutchinson
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4335 lays over at Queen/Coxwell loop in CARLTON service. Air electric PCC #4226, on a private charter, pulls up behind. This shot was taken circa May 1971 by Richard Glaze.
	On June 19, 1971, Joseph Testagrose took this picture of PCC 4315 heading westbound, crossing McCaul Street, in front of the University of Toronto. In the background, you can see the buildings of the Yonge/College intersection.
	Joseph Testagrose captures PCC 4747 on Gerrard at Greenwood on June 24, 1971. The early 20th-century style development is more typical of the streetcar's neighbourhood.
	TTC A6-class PCCs 4356 (eastbound) and 4314 (westbound) pass each other at the intersection of Carlton and Yonge in this June 1972 shot by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A6-class PCC #4307 picks up passengers at Main Street station, about to head to High Park in CARLTON streetcar service. This shot was taken by Steve Zebel on July 1, 1973.
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4364 heads westbound on Upper Gerrard, approaching Gainsborough in CARLTON service. This photograph was taken by Richard Glaze circa August 1974.
	TTC A7-class all-electric PCC operates southbound on Main Street, cresting the bridge over Danforth GO Station in CARLTON service. This shot was taken circa May 1975 by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4319 heads westbound on Upper Gerrard at Woodbine, circa August 1975. Photo by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A14-class ex-Kansas City all-electric PCC #4759 poses at High Park Loop, bearing a Philadelphia sign for a charter. An in-service streetcar waits behind. Photo taken circa February 1976 by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A14-class ex-Kansas City all-electric PCC #4759 poses at the north end of Main Street station bearing a Philadelphia rollsign for a charter. Photo by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A6-class all-electric PCC #4344 pulls out of Coxwell Loop and prepares to turn northbound from Queen Street in CARLTON service. This May 1976 shot was taken by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A13-class ex-Birmingham all-electric PCC #4724 heads westbound on Carlton Street, crossing Mutual in CARLTON service circa July 1976. Photo by Richard Glaze.
	TTC A8-class all-electric PCC #4542 heads westbound on Carlton, passing Mutual Street in Carlton service. This shot was taken circa June 1978 by Richard Glaze.
	W.N.Carr snapped this gorgeous photograph of PCC 4424, exiting Main Station Loop to continue its trip to High Park Loop. This photo was taken in July 1982.
	TTC A15-class rebuilt PCC #4500 poses at High Park loop on June 28, 1998. Photo by James Bow.
	TTC A15-class rebuilt PCC #4500 turns off of Lansdowne Avenue onto College Street. Lansdowne Loop is a common short turn for Carlton cars. This photograph was taken by James Bow on June 28, 1998.
	TTC CLRV #4015 turns from upper Gerrard onto southbound Coxwell on October 30, 1999 in 506 CARLTON service. This photograph was taken by James Bow on October 30, 1999.
	TTC A15-class rebuilt PCC #4500 pays a visit to High Park loop at the west end of the 506 CARLTON streetcar route during a charter. This photo was taken by James Bow on December 5, 1999.
	TTC CLRV #4087 heads eastbound on Gerrard Street East, past Pape, as a GO Train passes over the overpass near Carlaw Avenue. Edward Chamberlain caught this picture circa 2017.
	The Carlton Streetcar has started at Main Station since the Bloor Subway was extended to Warden in 1968, but the route is no stranger to the east end. Cars looped on the site from the 50s and, before that, Luttrell Loop further east. This year 2000 photograph was taken by James Bow.
	In the middle of the 506 CARLTON line, we see 4079 rounding the bend from Carlton to southbound on Parliament. This year 2000 photograph was taken by David Cavlovic.
	TTC CLRV 4079 loading passengers eastbound on College at Yonge. This year 2000 photograph is by David Cavlovic.
	TTC CLRV #4039 sits in Dundas West station during a night run. 506 CARLTON cars become 306 CARLTON cars after 1 a.m. and are routed off of Howard Park Avenue. This year 2000 photograph is by Rob Hutchinson.
	TTC CLRV #4181 poses at Main Station Loop in March 2002. The photo was taken by W.N.Carr just after the car dropped off paasengers.
	TTC CLRV #4158 heads southbound on Coxwell towards Queen, running a short turn for 506 CARLTON. Photo taken by Michael Doucet on May 20, 2006.
	TTC CLRV #4013 crosses University Avenue, westbound on College Street on July 1, 2009, in 506 CARLTON service. This photograph was taken by the Wikipedia Ibagli and is used in accordance with his Creative Commons License.
	TTC CLRV #4095 pushes east along College street near Bathurst on a snowy February night in 2011. Photo by Eliot Rossi.
	TTC CLRV #4042 in service on 506 CARLTON approaches the intersection of Gerrard Street East and Logan Avenue, heading east to Main Street Station. This photo was taken by Roman Fomin on December 26, 2013.
	This picture shows TTC CLRV #4187 running west along Gerrard Street East to High Park just after Carlaw Avenue. Photo by Roman Fomin on December 26, 2013.
	TTC CLRV #4048 picks up passengers at Main Street Station on the afternoon of January 19, 2017. For some reason, the back route sign contains a destination sign. Photo by James Bow.
	TTC CLRV #4073 turns from Gerrard onto northbound Parliament in 306 CARLTON NIGHT service on June 3, 2017. This photo was taken by Marcus Danchuk.
	TTC CLRV #4038 pulls up to the shelter at High Park loop on the rainy morning of June 22, 2017. This photograph was taken by James Bow.
	TTC CLRV #4025 prepares to cross Parkside Drive from High Park loop in 506 CARLTON service on the morning of June 22, 2017. Photo by James Bow.
	TTC CLRV 4160 lays over at Main Street station in service on 506 CARLTON on August 29, 2017. This photograph was taken by Marcus Danchuk.

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References

• Bromley, John F., and Jack May Fifty Years of Progressive Transit, Electric Railroaders' Association, New York (New York), 1978.
• Filey, Mike, Not a One-Horse Town: 125 Years of Toronto and its Streetcars, Gagne Printing, Louiseville (Quebec), 1986.
• Hood, J. William, The Toronto Civic Railways: An Illustrated History, The Upper Canada Railway Society, Toronto (Ontario), 1986.
• Westland, Stu, 'The Winchester Carline' Rail and Transit, September-October 1979, p23-24, The Upper Canada Railway Society, Toronto (Ontario), 1979.

Special thanks to John Bromley and Ray Corley for their corrections to this web page